I think one of the greatest innovations of modern automotive design is also one of the simplest to understand, conceptually: stick a window in the roof. There are so many cars on sale today that offer just this, usually called something like a panoramic sunroof, and the difference it makes to the way it feels to be inside the car is dramatic. It’s almost at the point now where I feel like I’m spelunking when I’m in a car that lacks it. Sure, they’re heavy and there’s the possibility they’ll eventually leak, but I think they improve the overall experience of being in a car significantly. Also significant is the fact that these are older than you’d think, since Mercury had a version of this concept for sale way back in 1954, and it was called the Mercury Monterey/Montclair Sun Valley. So let’s talk about these notable Mercurys here on Mercury Monday.
When I think of “Sun Valley” now, I don’t think it has the same connotations that Mercury was going for back in the day. I think they were hoping to evoke ideas of sunny, effortless elegance, but my experiences with Sun Valley from when I lived in Los Angeles are those of sunny, effortless junkyard exploring.
I actually love Sun Valley, but let’s be honest here: it’s mostly a collection of junkyards (including legendary spots like Apex Surplus) and Mexican food places, and while that sounds like a suburb of Heaven to me, I suspect Mercury was going for something, you know, classier. That’s because the Monterey/Montclair Sun Valley was a classy-ass car, absolutely saturated in the wild, perhaps unhinged optimism of mid ’50s America.
Essentially, the Sun Valley was just a variant of the Mercury Monterey in 1954, and then the Mercury Montclair in 1955, the only two years the Sun Valley trim was offered. The essential part of that trim was, really, just one thing: the forward part of the roof was a huge, green-tinted plexiglass panel.
That’s all it is, a chunk of green plexi over your head, but what a difference that chunk of plastic makes. Used on a hardtop design with no B-pillars, the overall effect would be incredibly airy and open, feeling like a convertible, albeit one you’re driving on a planet with an atmosphere high in emeraldium, an element I made up that turns skies green. Maybe copper would do that? What am I, a chemist?
Here’s a nice video walkaround of a 1954 Sun Valley, so you can feel what this thing was like:
The 1955 version of the Sun Valley was now part of the more upscale Montclair trim (which also upgraded the 292 V8 engine to a 312 cubic inch V8 making an alleged 225 horsepower), and the whole body design was changed for 1955, giving the car even more of a concept-car feel, with a true wrap-around windshield, a slimmer, more elegant and lithe roofline, hooded headlamps, fully skirted wheels, all of that mid-’50s jet-age candy.
Look how it’s described in that ad copy: “The soft, solarium-like atmosphere lifts your spirits and melts tensions of the day.” The verb in that last bit will become significant, as you’ll see.
The Sun Valley variant sold an impressive 9,761 cars in 1954, as it was a touch cheaper than the actual convertible, but with the added benefit of never getting rained on, using principles that can be demonstrated with a common household umbrella. But in 1955, sales dropped down to 1,787, which is a pretty precipitous fall, one that I think can be explained by telling you one more fact about Mercurys of this era: air-conditioning was an extremely rare factory option to get in 1955, with barely over one percent of cars having it, and wasn’t really more readily available until 1956.
What this means is that nearly everyone who bought a Sun Valley ended up with a sleek-looking concept-car like spaceship of a car that must have felt like being trapped in a chlorophyll-saturated greenhouse. Unlike modern panoramic roofs that have all sorts of advanced UV-coating, the old plexi roof just had green tint, and you were still very able to get cooked under there, no problem.
I think to really appreciate these Mercurys, you have to understand them in context: the idea of a vast, overhead view while being protected from the weather – a transparent roof – was still pretty much just concept car indulgence, like on the 1954 Chrysler La Comtesse:
…and then here comes the Mercury Sun Valley (well, and the Ford version, the Fairlane Crown Victoria Skyliner) offering everyday, regular people the same glorious transparent roofs, just like a show car! You can absolutely see how thrilled people would have been to, say, buy one in the glorious chromatic explosion of autumn, spend a few delighted months seeing the leaves change color and fall, thrilling to watching a thunderstorm from the cozy confines of their Mercury, delighting as the raindrops spawn concentric circles of light, making dazzling geometric reflections on faces and dashboards, and only getting disillusioned in mid-May when they have their first encounter with heatstroke.
Sure, the Sun Valley was a sort of gimmick, and a gimmick that didn’t really have the necessary technological infrastructure (cheap and readily available air conditioning) to actually be successful. But, even so, I think the value of that gimmick has been proven today, with the incredibly wide acceptance of panoramic sunroofs, because sometimes all an automotive innovation needs to do is make the people inside the car feel better, in some, even ineffable way.
I think a big-ass window over your head can do precisely that, and this Mercury was a failed pioneer of just that, being almost literally like Icarus, being defeated by the sun.
(thanks to John F. Katz for the suggestion!)
Had a VW wagon with pano sunroof. Was hot garbage that leaked and made my car smell like mold. Can confirm that modern manufacturers still can’t make one.
As a happy coincidence this month’s car on my classic car calendar is a 1957 Montclair.
Yay! Finally, an article about a car I actually own. Well I own the Monterey version… I haven’t gone to a car show in years but when I did, I would never see any of these cars- ever, which was confusing as they did make quite a few of them. Mine is a California-made car. I am the 2nd owner and have had mine for 20 years. Its super easy to work on. Parts are still cheap except for body parts.
Sun Valley is a swanky ski resort in Idaho. It’s where Hemmingway offed himself. It’s definitely not a dump.
You know what would go great with a car like that? A long, long trailer.
You got some splainin’ to do.
Honestly I think these cars look beautiful (especially the ’55), but I can’t comprehend that they let these things get to production without some kind of retractable shade. It would have been easily achievable with 1950s tech. Hell, they could have just mounted a rolling window shade horizontally and put it on rails.
It does have a retractable shade, which they point out towards the end of the video.
But I suspect that the plexiglass window with the green tint would lead to the cabin being relatively well shaded and cool – it would perform much better than regular glass in that respect. If my other comment ever gets out of moderator limbo, you can see my slightly more detailed discussion of that.
I’m re-posting this without the link, which put it into moderator-limbo.
“What am I, a chemist?” I don’t think so, but I am ???? Plexiglass (also known as acrylic plastic) is made from linking methyl-methacrylate molecules together. Since plexiglass is an organic polymer (unlike actual glass, which is an amorphous inorganic polymer), they need to use organic dyes to color it, rather than metals like copper, cobalts etc. I have no idea what dyes they used in this application, but it might have been something like the delightfully named Pylakrome Bright Emerald Green dye from Pylam Corp: (link redacted)
Your worries about cooking the occupants are needless, since plexiglass absorbs pretty strongly across almost the entire UV spectrum, so even if it was clear, it would block a significant amount of the sunburn-causing UV rays. Tinting it green additionally causes it to absorb light on the red end of the spectrum (green is opposite red on the color wheel), which would help keep the cabin from getting hot. So, I imagine that this panoramic window would provide a relatively cool, sunburn-free space in which to enjoy a nice drive in the country. Also, that car is a knockout. What a beautiful and classy machine!
“What am I, a chemist?”
I don’t think so, but I am 🙂
Plexiglass (also known as acrylic plastic) is made from linking methyl-methacrylate molecules together. Since plexiglass is an organic polymer (unlike actual glass, which is an amorphous inorganic polymer), they need to use organic dyes to color it, rather than metals like copper, cobalts etc. I have no idea what dyes they used in this application, but it might have been something like the delightfully named Pylakrome Bright Emerald Green dye from Pylam Corp: https://www.pylamdyes.com/products/plastics
Your worries about cooking the occupants are needless, since plexiglass absorbs pretty strongly across almost the entire UV spectrum, so even if it was clear, it would block a significant amount of the sunburn-causing UV rays. Tinting it green additionally causes it to absorb light on the red end of the spectrum (green is opposite red on the color wheel), which would help keep the cabin from getting hot.
So, I imagine that this panoramic window would provide a relatively cool, sunburn-free space in which to enjoy a nice drive in the country. Also, that car is a knockout. What a beautiful and classy machine!
“…the Fairlane Crown Victoria Skyliner…”
That was the name for 1956 but the 1954 version is the Ford Crestline Skyliner and for 1955 Ford did not officially use the name Skyliner to refer to this model, although it is sometimes called that anyway by enthusiasts. Of those three years, only the ’54 actually has the name Skyliner on the car itself.
My dad had a 54 Skyliner that he had inherited from his dad. I got to drive it a couple times. It was great.
I have a ’59 Skyliner, which is a rather different car, but I’ve been around a few of these “other” Skyliners and do admire them.
You do know his is the Sun Valley they were going for right?
https://youtu.be/cUnVNzeVPpI
I don’t know about that, because Montclair is another nondescript (albeit less industrial) suburb of Los Angeles, so maybe they were going for a theme…
Just for information, in the UK Sun Valley is a leading packager of peanuts, cashews and similar delicious alcohol-accompaniment comestibles.
So many names. It’s like a tour of California. Monterey, Montclair, Sun Valley. (Although Sun Valley has me thinking Idaho.) It makes me not mind models that are given only numbers. As for panorama roofs, sunroofs or whatever, I’ve had them but discovered I prefer shade.
I admit they look good, but no matter how darkly they’re tinted they turn occupants into rotisserie chickens. Heat is the enemy.
And no matter the decade, it never seems to really work. I have a friend with a ’00s BMW M coupe, and he’s miserable in the summer.
A more advanced solution to reduce heat gain is an optically tuned thin-film coating that reflects infrared while maintaining high visible transmission. This was invented at MIT and commercialized by Southwall Technologies in the 1980s. The laminated advanced version, XIR laminated glass, is now a product of Eastman, who acquired Southwall. These laminated glass solutions have been used in luxury cars and in Teslas. The tell-tale sign of these glass units is a slight purplish-pink reflection. Disclaimer: I worked at Southwall in the early 1980s, although I worked on other thin-film technologies.